Calculating torsional natural frequencies is a common component of machine design and many specifications require a specific separation margin between calculated torsional natural frequencies and known exciting frequencies. However, a machine's actual torsional natural frequencies may not agree with what is predicted due to differences between what is modeled and what exists in the field. When the actual torsional natural frequencies coincide with a driving dynamic torque, resonance occurs and large torsional vibrations will be present.
Torsional vibration can damage shafting and drive components by producing high dynamic stresses in shafting, gears, couplings, etc. When torsional failures occur, there is generally little indication prior to failure since the dynamic motion is rotational rather than translational and cannot be measured or perceived without the correct equipment.
Types of machinery that are commonly tested for torsional vibration include: